Researchers at TU Dortmund University have developed a new type of nozzle geometry for 3D printers that is designed to significantly reduce the anisotropy of printed components. The technology, known as the ‘Grooved Nozzle’, optimises the connection between individual strands during layer printing and could significantly improve the performance of additively manufactured components.
Conventional FDM/FFF (Fused Deposition Modelling/Fused Filament Fabrication) printers typically use round nozzle openings, resulting in oval strand cross-sections. This causes gaps in the structure and results in anisotropic component properties. The new die geometry, on the other hand, allows the extruded material to be specifically shaped to create gapless joint surfaces in both horizontal and vertical directions.
A key feature of the design is an integrated guide unit that presses the freshly extruded material onto the neighbouring or underlying layers. This almost completely eliminates gaps between the individual strands. The principle also allows printing with alternating layers, which opens up additional design options.
The technology is characterised by several decisive advantages. It enables improved isotropic properties of the printed components and combines printing and pressing during the printing process. A particularly practical aspect is the modular retrofitting capability for existing FDM/FFF printers, which enables broad application in the existing printer fleet.
Further information on the development can be found here.
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